20^th World Congress on Toxicology and Pharmacology May 06-07, 2019 Radisson Hotel Narita, Tokyo, Japan

Biography:

Alexei Basnakian received his PhD and DSc degrees from the Russian Academy of Medical Science, both in the field of DNA-degrading enzymes. He had postdoctoral trainings in molecular biology at the Harvard Medical School and in toxicology/cancer research at the National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Dr. Basnakian is a tenured Professor at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Director of the DNA Damage and Toxicology Core Center at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, and Research Career Scientist at the Veterans Hospital in Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. He is an author of 87 peer-reviewed papers and 14 reviews or book chapters. Dr. Basnakian is an Editorial Board member of four biomedical journals, and a member of NIH, AHA and VA grant study sections. His research interests are in DNases/endonucleases and DNA damage associated with toxicity, anti-cancer therapy, tissue injury and cell death.

 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Deoxyribonucleases (DNases) universally induce irreversible cell death by fragmenting DNA in response to cell injury. All of the nine known cell death DNases are endonucleases. Despite that most of the DNase activity is used after cell death, a genetic inactivation of DNases provide protection of cells and tissues against DNA breaks induced by cytotoxic stimuli, and partially protect against tissue injury. Therefore, DNases act before the point-of-no-return in cell death, and can be potentially used as therapeutic targets for tissue protection against injury. Our studies identified two DNases, DNase I and EndoG, as being responsible for tubular epithelial toxicity during acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin, rhabdomyolysis or ischemia. However, inhibitors of DNases are not available. The purpose of this study was to identify DNase inhibitors, which might be used for mitigation of acute kidney injury.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: To identify DNase inhibitors, we have developed a high-throughput screening assay based on a proprietary fluorescent probe.

Findings: This assay allowed the identification of several new inhibitors of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), which were also active against two other DNases, endonucleases G (EndoG) and deoxyribonuclease II (DNase II). The DNase inhibitors were able to significantly protect kidney tubular epithelial cells in vitro and mouse kidneys in vivo against acute kidney toxicity induced by cisplatin, glycerol (rhabdomyolysis), or renal ischemia-reperfusion. The inhibitors showed no toxicity in vivo at 5x therapeutic doses.

Conclusion & Significance: DNases can be used as a therapeutic target for mitigation of toxic or hypoxic acute kidney injury. The identified DNase inhibitors or similar compounds have a great potential for tissue protection against toxic kidney failure. Considering that DNases are expressed and responsible for cell death in all tested cells, tissues and animal models, it is likely that the same compounds may be used for universal tissue protection against various injuries. 

 

Biography:

Dr. Sharp is a Forensic Pharmacologist. She has an M.Sci. degree in Pharmacology from the University of Glasgow, a Ph.D. in pharmacokinetics from the University of Dundee and Certificates in Civil and Criminal Law from the University of Cardiff. She specialises in drugs of abuse and the clearance of drugs from the body. She has prepared reports in many cases for a variety of legal firms in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland She has been a research scientist for 8 years and has researched at the University of Cape Town in South Africa and the University of Dundee. Dr. Sharp is a co-director of the Glasgow Expert Witness Service Ltd. and is a registered expert witness with the Law Society of Scotland Directory of Expert Witnesses, a Professional Member of The Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences and a registered expert adviser on the National Crime Agency (NCA) database.

Abstract:

Forensic Pharmacology is a fascinating discipline internationally, covering everything from drink driving to the influence of drugs and alcohol in rapes and murders.  Scotland is in the unenviable position of being the worst country in Europe for illicit drug-related deaths. The scope of my interest is from medical negligence to drugs of abuse such as new psychoactive substances.  I take a particular interest in drugs of abuse and further to that the impact scientific expert evidence has in determining the outcome of cases and how this may be subverted by the judicial process.

I will be sharing specific case studies regarding the role of a scientist as an expert witness and the judicial outcomes of the cases. I will be addressing new psychoactive substances (“Spice”, synthetic cannabinoids, psychedelics, opioids) and medical misadventure resulting in death due to inappropriate therapeutic drug combinations.

From the position that I am in, I feel that it is of great importance to highlight the systems in place for illicit drug use and regulation as the differences in these systems may have dire consequences for the user and society in general. In my opinion, decriminalization of drugs of abuse in Scotland, the United Kingdom and, indeed, the rest of the World, will lead to a significant reduction in illicit drug-related harm as has been demonstrated in Portugal.

Biography:

Dr. Ming-Tsang Wu has completed his MD from Chung Shan Medical University in Taiwan and PhD from Harvard School of Public Health in the USA. He is a full professor in the Department of Public Health and the Director in Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medicine University, Taiwan. His major research interest is on the interactive effects of environmental and occupational exposures, genetic factors, and biomarkers on the health outcomes.

 

Abstract:

We are still exposed to low-dose melamine in daily-life environment, even after 2008 toxic milk food scandal. One of the main sources is the intake of melamine chemical from the migration of melamine-made tableware, when contacted with high-temperature soup/water. Our previous study has found that chronic low-dose melamine exposure is associated with the risk of renal stones in adults, but the data about the relationship between environmental melamine exposure and the risk of renal damage in humans is still lacking. In this talk, I will present our recent findings about that link from different susceptible populations and propose the mechanisms behind that.

 

Biography:

I am Prof. Dr. Prakash M.M.S Kinthada, a Professor in the Department Of Chemistry at National Institute Of Medical Science(NIMS) University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Prior to this I was a Professor at Sri Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Jawahar Lal Technological University, Anantapur, A.Rangam Peta, Tirupathi, India. Earlier I was an Associate Professor in Chemistry at GIT, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India. I have recently returned from USA, where I was a NIH visiting fellow at KARMONAS CANCER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Wayne State University School of Medicine. Earlier I was a Royal Society Visiting Scientist in the Inorganic chemistry laboratories at the University of Oxford, UK, working on “Transition metal complexes as Anticancer Drugs". Earlier I was a visiting fellow at the Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry at Aston University, Birmingham. Prior to that I was a Nehru Centenary British Council Fellow in the organometallic laboratories at Imperial college of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK. Prior to that I was a CSIR Research associate in the Organometallic laboratories, Department of chemistry, Indian institute of Technology, New Delhi, India. I have published all my research in high impact international journals and Presented papers in International Conferences including American Chemical society Conferences. I have published 33 International publications and 31 international conference presentations including American Chemical Society conferences.

***I have been awarded a FRSC (FELLOW OF ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY by ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY, LONDON, UK.

*** My name has been included in THE DICTIONARY OF INTERNATIONAL BIOGRAPHY published by International Biographical center, CAMBRIDGE , ENGLAND , UK .

***I have been appointed as the DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL OS THE INTERNATIONAL BIOGRAHICAL CENTER, CAMBIDGE, UK. And I have been Awarded 2000 OUTSTANDING INTELLECTUALS OF THE 21stCENTURY award by International Biographical center, Cambridge, England, UK. I have been awarded “TOP HUNDRED PROFESSIONALS OF THE YEAR-2011” by International Biographical center, Cambridge, England, UK. I have also received commemorative awards: Dictionary of International Biography Suite of Diplomas, Dictionary of International Biography, Medal of Inclusion and a CITATION OF MERITORIOUS ACIEVEMENTS, Pictorial Testimonial of Achievement and Distinction by International Biographical center, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND, UK. I have been awarded GOLD MEDAL OF INDIA, by AMERICAN BIOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE, RALIEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA, USA. I have also been awarded DISTINGUISHED LEADER by AMERICAN BIOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE, RALIEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA, USA. I have been made a MEMBER OF RESEARCH BOARD OF ADVISORS Conferred by AMERICAN BIOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE, RALIEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA, USA. I have been awarded INTERNATIONAL PEACE AWARD AMERICAN BIOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE, RALIEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA, USA. My name would be published in MARQUES WHO’s WHO IN THE WORLD.I have also been awarded JEWEL OF INDIA and a Certificate of Merit by Indian Solidarity Council, NEWDELHI, INDIA and I have been awarded BHARATH JYOTHI AWARD Rashtriya Gaurav Award by India International friendship Society, NEWDELHI, INDIA.

Abstract:

Cancer is a dreadful disease and any practical solution in combating this disease is of paramount importance to public health. Cancer patients have burdened by drug induced toxic side effects, and no turned to seek help from the complementary and alternative medicine hoping for a better cure. Research on Platinum based drugs and Non Platinum based drugs is a Multi-Million Dollar Industry in USA and there is every need to produce safe drugs for the cure of this monstrous disease. Flavonoids have a long history of use in traditional medicines in many cultures. The phytochemical, curcumin is one of the major dietary flavonoid, belonging to a group of flavonol, Curcumin is a natural polyphenol. It is highly potential molecule capable of preventing and treating various cancers.  Various dietary chemo preventive agents, turmeric powder or its extract are broadly used as therapeutic preparations in Indian System of medicine. We provide a summarized synthesis and structural determination of Curcumin Oxime, Curcumin Thiosemicarbazone derivative of Gold (III) complex. The use of these analogs for prevention of cancer tumor progression and treatments of human malignancies. A pharmacologic agent for treating and/or preventing cancer, among other diseases and conditions, and particularly breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancer, in humans and animals. The novel pharmacologic agent is an isoflavonoid or isoflavonoid mimetic covalently attached to a cytotoxic pharmacophore that, preferably has the ability to conjugate with a metal salt to form a more potent metal complex, particularly a Au (III) complex and other complexes of Platinum, Palladium, Ruthenium, Copper etc.

My talk would mainly encompass different Transition Metal Complexes/Organometallic Compounds   that are presently used as drugs, especially Anticancer and Anti-HIV drugs, apart from Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial and diseases like Arthritis and Parkinson’s Disease etc. The talk would mainly focus on the use of Medicinal Chemistry and it’s application to Drug Design and Development in Pharmaceutical Industry ,  especially    Transition Metal Complexes and Organometallic Compounds viz. Gold, Platinum, Palladium And Ruthenium apart from Copper, Cobalt, Iron,  Nickel, Zinc, Cadmium etc.

The main emphasis of my talk would be on Different class of Ligands, their Schiff’s Bases and Transition Metal Complexes especially Au, Pt, Pd and Ru, with the main aim of designing, developing very novel small molecules, as possible and extremely potential candidates as Anti-cancer and Anti-HIV drugs. The talk would provide an overview of current programs being undertaken in our laboratories, especially focused on the development of potent ligands capable of recognizing Binding sites and diverse strategies employed by my group for elucidation of Anti-Cancer and Anti-HIV drug Leads to Circumvent the problem caused by Cis-Platin.

We have synthesized and characterized several phytochemicals from Traditional Medicinal Plants and isolated some phytochemicals and  made the corresponding Oximes, Thiosemicarbazones and Substituted thiosemicarbazones as ligands and synthesized, characterized, structurally elucidated their Transition Metal Complexes especially with Gold, Platinum, Palladium, Ruthenium, Copper etc. and Studied their Anticancer Activity, Nuclease activity etc. and tested their potential as Anticancer Drugs.

The main aim of our extensive/preclinical Pharmaceutical development program is to investigate the use of these extremely novel small molecules-metal complexes/compounds of phytochemicals, flavanoids etc., which have very interesting structural features and properties and hence are excellent candidates as Anti-Cancer and Anti-HIV drugs .The main aim of our research is Design ,Development and Synthesis of Transition Metal Complexes/ Organometallic Compounds that would certainly help to bring this force of nature from BENCH to BEDSIDE and enhance Cancer Killing with less toxic effects and would certainly lead to initiation of clinical trials.